A Pedagogy for Original Synners

Part of the Volume on Digital Young, Innovation, and the UnexpectedThis essay begins by speculating about the learning environment of the class of 2020. It takes place entirely in a virtual world, populated by simulated avatars, managed through the pedagogy of gaming. Based on this projected version of a future-now-in-formation, the authors consider the implications of the current paradigm shift that is happening at the edges of institutions of higher education. From the development of programs in multimedia literacy to the focus on the creation of hybrid learning spaces (that combine the use of virtual worlds, social networking applications, and classroom activities), the scene of learning as well as the subjects of education are changing. The figure of the Original Synner is a projection of the student-of-the-future whose foundational literacy is grounded in their ability to synthesize information from multiple information streams

Idioms for µ-charts

This paper presents an idiomatic construct for µ-charts which reflects the high-level specification construct of synchronization between activities. This, amongst others, has emerged as a common and useful idea during our use of µ-charts to design and specify commonly-occurring reactive systems. The purpose of this example, apart from any inherent interest in being able to use synchronization in a specification, is to show how the very simple language of µ-charts can used as a basis for a more expressive language built by definitional extension

Nanoscale Vibrational Analysis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

We use near-field Raman imaging and spectroscopy to study localized vibrational modes along individual, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with a spatial resolution of 10−20 nm. Our approach relies on the enhanced field near a laser-irradiated gold tip which acts as the Raman excitation source. We find that for arc-discharge SWNTs, both the radial breathing mode (RBM) and intermediate frequency mode (IFM) are highly localized. We attribute such localization to local changes in the tube structure (n, m). In comparison, we observe no such localization of the Raman active modes in SWNTs grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The direct comparison between arc-discharge and CVD-grown tubes allows us to rule out any artifacts induced by the supporting substrate

Consolidation of Power: The use of executive orders, proclamations and signing statements during the George W. Bush Presidency

Like other Presidents before him, George W. Bush used his executive authority to craft policy both domestically and internationally. The author analyzes President Bush\u27s number of executive orders and proclamations, how they affected his scope of authority, and how they were received by Congress

Consolidation of Power: The use of executive orders, proclamations and signing statements during the George W. Bush Presidency

Like other Presidents before him, George W. Bush used his executive authority to craft policy both domestically and internationally. The author analyzes President Bush\u27s number of executive orders and proclamations, how they affected his scope of authority, and how they were received by Congress

Intrusive Border Searches -- What Protection Remains for the International Traveler Entering the United States after United States v. Montoya de Hernandez and Its Progeny?

This Note will examine the standards for initiation of strip, body cavity, and X-ray searches developed by the different circuits as well as the latitude allowed customs agents in carrying out such searches. It will also delve into the effect which Montoya de Hernandez and its progeny have had on this area of the law. Finally, this Note will propose possible solutions to the present confusion in the law

Trailer Park Residents: Are They Worthy Of Society\u27s Respect

Existing research is limited in explaining the existence of and reasons for stereotypes held against trailer park residents. This study uses an experimental design to measure attitudes towards trailer park residents, specifically in terms of being considered worthy of society’s respect. An Internet questionnaire was designed and administered to a sample of 559 introductory sociology students at a Midwestern university using semantic differentials to measure attitudes towards a fictitious couple. Participants were divided into a control and an experimental group. The groups were presented with two different vignettes, which were the same except for the experimental group where the vignette contained the term trailer park as a descriptor. The results indicated differences between the control group and the experimental group on several measures were significant. The results supported the hypothesis that those who live in trailer parks were deemed less worthy of society’s respect by college students. In conclusion, the findings support the notion that people who live in trailer parks have been singled out in American culture for denigration

European Drug Policy: The Cases of Portugal, Germany, and The Netherlands

Drug abuse is a problem that reaches all corners of the globe. In Europe, the case is no different. The author examines how the incorporation of different drug policy methods affects illicit drug use in Portugal, Germany and The Netherlands

Reducing the volume, exposure and negative impacts of advertising for foods high in fat, sugar and salt to children: a systematic review of the evidence from statutory and self-regulatory actions and educational measures

Purpose: To identify and review evidence on 1) the effectiveness of statutory and self-regulatory actions to reduce the volume, exposure or wider impact of advertising for foods high in fat, sugar and salt (HFSS) to children, and 2) the role of educational measures. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review of three databases (Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO) and grey literature was carried out. Relevant evidence included studies evaluating advertising bans and restrictions, advertising literacy programmes and parental communication styles. Relevant media included TV, internet, radio, magazines and newspaper advertising. No studies were excluded based on language or publication date. Findings: Forty-seven publications were included: 19 provided evidence for the results of statutory regulation, 25 for self-regulation, and six for educational approaches. Outcome measures varied in approach, quality and results. Findings suggested statutory regulation could reduce the volume of and children's exposure to advertising for foods HFSS, and had potential to impact more widely. Self-regulatory approaches showed varied results in reducing children's exposure. There was some limited support for educational measures. Discussion: Consistency in measures from evaluations over time would assist the development and interpretation of the evidence base on successful actions and measures to reduce the volume, exposure and impact of advertising for foods HFSS to children